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<text id=89TT2447>
<title>
Sep. 18, 1989: Is There A Laser In The House?
</title>
<history>
TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1989
Sep. 18, 1989 Torching The Amazon
</history>
<article>
<source>Time Magazine</source>
<hdr>
TECHNOLOGY, Page 97
Is There a Laser in the House?
</hdr><body>
<p>Doctors are using high-tech beams to treat everyday complaints
</p>
<p> Blasting tumors. Zapping cataracts. Slicing through soft
tissue with a searing light. Lasers have been used in medicine
almost since they were invented 30 years ago. But the big, bulky
devices of the '60s and '70s proved too destructive for most
procedures, and early predictions that the laser would replace
the scalpel did not come true. Now, thanks to a new generation
of short-pulsed, high-peak-powered, computer-controlled lasers,
the healing beam is taking a more prominent place in the panoply
of medical tools. In hospitals and clinics, lasers are being
increasingly used for such common procedures as treating
hemorrhoids and removing tattoos.
</p>
<p> Dentists have long known that laser beams could vaporize
cavities without hurting healthy enamel. But early lasers
generated too much heat on nearby gum tissue, and the technique
was never developed. Then Dr. Terry Myers, a Michigan dentist,
began experimenting with a modern ophthalmologist's laser. He
became convinced that the neodymium-YAG (yttrium aluminum
garnet) laser, operated at up to 30 pulses a second to avoid
heat buildup, rather than in a continuous beam, would do a
better job on surface cavities than mechanical drills do. Myers'
dental laser is being sold in Canada and, if it gets Government
approval, could reach the U.S. market early next year.
</p>
<p> Lasers are also being focused on eye problems other than
cataracts -- including ordinary nearsightedness and
farsightedness -- through a technique known as eye sculpturing.
A narrow circle of laser light directed by a computer plays
across the surface of the eye, vaporizing microscopic layers of
the cornea to flatten or steepen its curvature. The novel
procedure, undergoing its first clinical trials, is made
possible by an unusual kind of laser called the excimer,
originally developed for etching silicon chips. Instead of
burning away cells as ordinary lasers do, the excimer, relying
on the high quantum energy of its ultraviolet light, destroys
molecular bonds in the cell. Result: a smooth, clean cut that
keeps scarring to a minimum.
</p>
<p> New lasers are shaving days off the recovery period needed
for traditional operations. The wavelength of a pulsed dye
laser, for example, can be adjusted so that the energy of the
beam is absorbed by gallstones and kidney stones and not by
tissue walls. Gallstone removals that once required ten days of
hospitalization are now being performed in a few hours on an
outpatient basis.
</p>
<p> The American Society for Laser Medicine and Surgery,
however, warns that the new lasers may also spawn new breeds of
charlatans and quacks. Some face-lift artists advertise that
they use lasers to smooth wrinkled skin. Irradiating facial
tissue does cause the face to swell and wrinkles to disappear.
Unfortunately, the wrinkles return when the swelling subsides,
usually within a couple of days. Says Dr. Ellet Drake, the
society's secretary: "You can get the same effect by slapping
someone in the face."
</p>
</body></article>
</text>